Popular Architecture’s Push-and-Pull Urbanism for Zagreb

Popular Architecture have devised a masterplan of boulder-like mixed-use structures for the Badel Block competition to redesign a former industrial site in the heart of Zagreb, Croatia. In keeping with the competition rules, the firm integrated both an on-site decommissioned distillery building and the preserved facade of the storied Gorica factory into their scheme, with the latter acting as the gateway to the new complex. With this reference point established, the architects then sketched the footprints of three “micro blocks”, that subdivide the flat open site into a tapestry of internal courtyards and corridors feeding into the main public space at the center of the plan. Continue.

View East

View West

Next, the architects extruded the building footprints nine stories upwards, creating a monolithic ensemble of blocs with maximum floor area and building envelope from which to chip away and freely sculpt. Both environmental factors, such as sunlight and air circulation, and programmatic concerns, like the legibility of retail and private zones or the framing of the adjacent historic structures determined–or, at least, outlined–the scope of the formmaking.

The resultant archipelago-like clusters may be interpreted in several ways: the complex can be built up over time with aggregated volumes developed my multiple owners and fashioned accordingly; rendered as “ziggurats” with stepped profiles that lend themselves to ubiquitous roof gardens and terraces; or filled with voids or communal spaces, strategically placed at the junction of sloped and rectilinear volumes so as to promote inter-connectivity among the micro-blocks. “Rather than indulge in architectural specificity,” say the architects, “the design ultimately works to secure durable urban conditions supporting negotiation and participation.”

Badel Block Complex Proposal / Popular Architecture

© Chris Shusta

The design proposal of the Badel Block Complex by Popular Architecture is a combination of polyvalent and stable, both a massing inviting interpretation and detailed development by others, and an anchor seeking to re-channel the site’s positive qualities. Conceptually, the project begins with making a direct link between the former distillery building and the preserved façade of the Gorica Factory — two features required to be kept. Treating the factory façade as a gateway, the plan pulls in the existing context of an active street market — into the heart of a site cut-off from the city for decades — while also avoiding direct replication of the area’s pervasive perimeter block typology. More images and architects’ description after the break.

© Chris Shusta

Initiated by ’s Office for Strategic Planning and Development, the Badel Block competition sought mixed-use proposals to guide the former industrial site’s redevelopment. With an additional east-west link extending the axis of Laginjina Street, three “micro blocks” are formed that give the site a new porosity in all directions. This subdivision makes more street level surface area for new retail and restaurant program, while the courtyards of each micro block create a gradation of conditions between public and private.

© Chris Shusta

With the three footprints established, we use them to test the impact of adding the brief’s proposed 65,000m2 of gross building area (GBA). As pure extrusions, nine floors of each totals 63,945m2. This size creates a high level of overshadowing both of the existing, such as the distillery and the apartment building to the north, and also within the extrusions themselves. In response, the micro blocks are reshaped by the sun and vertical context: heights are modulated to produce a range meeting varying sunlight needs and transitioning between new and existing, and arriving at the GBA target. The result is three boulder-like shapes combining a perimeter block and tower typology.

diagram 01

Perhaps most significant is the overall shaping for southern solar access and the resulting programming. Uses such as retail, restaurants, and offices are placed on lower, darker, and deeper plan areas. These locations take advantage of the reduced need for direct sun due to higher internal heat gains through larger occupancy levels and more heat-producing equipment. Alternately, the upper south facing residential levels, with lower occupancies, benefit from their zoning’s abundant direct solar gains throughout the winter. Preliminary Passivhaus analysis indicates that apartments could easily reach a heat demand of 14 kWh(m2a), below the Passivhaus maximum consumption of 15, and about 90% lower than normal housing. The southern orientation is also easiest to shade, so proper façade design combined with cross-ventilation will greatly lower cooling demand.

diagram 02

The overall form is only a recommended maximum envelope. Like rocks, we imagine the massing can be carved. The micro blocks can be interpreted in various ways, in various combinations: as maximized envelopes where the sloped surfaces imply internal voids suggesting shared uses; as finely stepped “ziggurats” creating a maximum of roof gardens; or as an aggregate made over time with multiple owners with different financial motives and tastes, similar to Zagreb’s flexible precedent, the Endowment Block from the 1930s. Rather than indulge in architectural specificity, the design ultimately works to secure durable urban conditions supporting negotiation and participation.

Architects: Popular Architecture
Location: Zagreb,
Team: Alexandra Garkavenko, Casey Mack, Gregory Pietrycha
Environmental: Right Environments, Transsolar
Graphic Design: Omnivore

Badel Block Complex Proposal (1) © Chris Shusta
Badel Block Complex Proposal (2) © Chris Shusta
Badel Block Complex Proposal (3) © Chris Shusta
Badel Block Complex Proposal (4) diagram 01
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Plug-In Parking / Popular Architecture

Cortesía de Popular Architecture

Arquitectos: Popular Architecture
Ubicación: Fargo, Dakota del Norte, EEUU
Equipo: Aurelien Boyer, Prae Lorvidhaya, Casey Mack
Cliente: Kilbourne Group / Downtown Fargo Urban Infill Competition
Ingeniero Ambiental: Arup
Superficie: 250.000 m2
Renders: David Huang
Diseño Gráfico: Omnivore

La oficina Popular Architecture, con sede en Brooklyn, compartió con nosotros su propuesta para el concurso Downtown Fargo Urban Infill Competition. Imágenes y la memoria del proyecto a continuación.

Cortesía de Popular Architecture

El encargo del concurso para un edificio de uso mixto de 250.000 m2, incluía un estacionamiento para 500 autos que sería manejado por la Ciudad de Fargo y que debía construirse lo antes posible. Generalmente los estacionamientos son tratados sólo como estructuras funcionales y no tienen un papel principal dentro de los proyectos; sus diseños ponen énfasis en su eficacia estructural y en la maximización del espacio. En este caso intentamos hacer algo distinto.

Cortesía de Popular Architecture

A pesar de ser casi siempre periféricos, en esta propuesta el estacionamiento tiene un papel central como un nodo intermodal, generando la transición entre el movimiento de los autos y los peatones. Pensamos que la experiencia de esta transición podría ser enriquecida activando las mayores conexiones posibles latentes.

Cortesía de Popular Architecture

Nuestro proyecto logra esto realizando varias operaciones simples sobre la rampa ya diseñada por Carl Walker, en la esquina noreste del terreno: la primera hace girar la rampa al centro del terreno y la segunda separa el espiral de la rampa, hundiendo tres niveles en el subterráneo y ampliando el sistema de vías aéreas para peatones existente en la ciudad.

Cortesía de Popular Architecture

La vía aérea es ampliada a través de una gran escalera que une todos los niveles superiores de la rampa hasta un parque en su cubierta. El peatón y el auto se entrelazan en su mutuo beneficio.

Cortesía de Popular Architecture

La liberación del perímetro del bloque y la ampliación de la vía aérea genera una condición de espacio unificador entre el estacionamiento y los cuatros edificios que finalmente activan el total del proyecto. Con la rampa, los edificios definen tres plazas capaces de incorporar programas públicos.

Cortesía de Popular Architecture

En el interior se genera una especie de “drive-in” con accesos directos a oficinas, restaurantes, centros de salud y tiendas, funcionando como una extensión de la calle. La rampa se transforma en una infraestructura personalizada, que se adapta a las especificidades de su entorno.

Cortesía de Popular Architecture

La congregación de los cuatro edificios es determinada por el ángulo del sol del 21 de diciembre a las 12 del día (solsticio de invierno). Para maximizar los beneficios del sol en invierno para los departamentos de las primeras plantas, el proyecto propone medidas pasivas para la calefacción, a través del aislamiento y la hermeticidad, haciendo posible el calentamiento del aire interior a través de un ventilador de recuperación de calor (HRV). El objetivo total es un factor 10 en la reducción del consumo de energía.

Plug-In Parking / Popular Architecture Cortesía de Popular Architecture
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Plug-In Parking / Popular Architecture Cortesía de Popular Architecture
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Plug-In Parking / Popular Architecture Cortesía de Popular Architecture
Plug-In Parking / Popular Architecture Cortesía de Popular Architecture
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Plug-In Parking / Popular Architecture Cortesía de Popular Architecture
Plug-In Parking / Popular Architecture Cortesía de Popular Architecture